Five cowpea production constraint areas were identified (i) seed production/access (ii) field production (iii) storage/utilization (iv) marketing (v) intellectual property. The upright variety Cowpea seed plants are harvested by a machine. June - July and September - October : Land selection. West Africa, are Nigeria, Senegal, Ghana, Mali and Burkina Faso. Dry  the seeds to 8-10% moisture content, Slurry treat with carbendazim @ 2g kg-1 of seed along with carbaryl @ 200 mg kg-1 of seed (or), Slurry treat seeds with halogen mixture (CaOCl2 + CaCO3 + arappu  (. United States production of dry cowpea has declined from 3/4 million acres to a few thousand over the same period. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Cowpea storage in triple PICS bag. Local prostrate varieties should be planted wider spacing of 80 cm × 40 cm. II. A typical seed includes three basic parts: (1) an embryo, (2) a supply of nutrients for the embryo, and (3) a seed coat. In particular, weevils - post-harvest pests - can destroy a granary full of cowpea in two or three months. Optimum soil temperature for rapid germination of cowpea seed is above 18.3 ℃ , but the minimum base temperature to initiate germination can be (7 ℃ - 14 ℃ ). Land preparation & planting Land preparation should be done early to allow for weeds to dry and decompose before planting. Cowpeas and lablab are best sown into a well-prepared, fallowed seedbed that has a good depth of subsoil moisture (at least 75 cm). Harvest the pods as they turn light straw in colour and the seeds turn brown or mottled in colour. Seed should be inoculated with the appropriate Rhizobium species for optimum nitrogen fixation, however nodules will generally form on cowpeas. The production capacity of the proposed business is three (3) tons per day operating a single shift of eight (8) hours per day and operating at eighty percent (80%) of the installed capacity for three (300) working days per annum. (A BIOTECH, 2002) 1. A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org 3. | Home | Seed Village Concept | Related Links | Contact us |, Source • After the seedlings emerge, thin to leave only 2 strong plants. Chapter 11: Diseases of Cowpeas 145 Chapter 12: Seed Production and Distribution 190 - i1 - Fore't-TOrJ This manual hae b~en compiled to provide information and gu~delines relating to all aspects of co,~ea production in the humid and sub-humid tropics. Cowpeas are susceptible to a wide range of diseases. Vegetative Phase. Diseases. Store the seeds in gunny or cloth bags for short term storage (8-9 months) with seed moisture content of 8 - 9%. Pod Formation. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Store the seeds in 700 gauge polythene bag for long term storage (more than15 months) with seed moisture content of less than 8%. ..... 46 v. 1 The importance of cowpea Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Flowering. No public clipboards found for this slide. The seed should be planted at 3cm to 4cm deep. TNAU, Coimbatore-641003. At this spacing, up to 28 kg of seeds is required per hectre. Cowpea is warm weather and semi arid crop, where temperature ranging from 20 0 C to 30 0 C. Minimum temperature for seed establishment is 20 0 C and above 32 0 C temperatures development of root is cease. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Seed should be sown at a depth of 4 to 6 cm into moist soil with good seed-soil contact. (E.g 7.14.7). DR SAUNDERS is a sub-tropical/ tropical legume that can be described as an upright type Cowpea with medium to fine stems. Cowpea grown as a dried seed and can be directly combined, using a platform head or a row crop head. A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org 4. maize. There are approximately 8000-15000 seeds per kg. Total production of cowpeas for dry seed harvest in the U.S. is estimated at 60,000 to 80,000 acres. For maximum production day temperature 27 0 C and night temperature 22 0 C required. Dr. T .S . CHART 7: Cowpea seed spacing Cowpeas are planted by direct seeding. Season. Pinch the tendrils off for promotion of flower production. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Download a copy of the Ebony PR Cowpea factsheet.. Ebony is a diploid, annual, forage cowpea with a spreading growth habit. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Pull out and destroy the plants exhibiting severe symptoms of mosaic in the early stages of growth. 1. In some situations, seed can be roughed into … Seed rate Growing Cowpeas 20 to 25 kilogram of seed is required for harvesting pure grain and vegetable, while for fodder and green manure a seed rate of 35 to 40 kilogram of seed is required. Seed rate depend on the plant type and seed size. The broken and immature seeds should not be selected for seed purpose. • Season : October sowing • Isolation : 50 m • Rogueing : two times , at flowering and pod formation stages • Harvesting : fully matured dry pods • Threshing and cleaning: broken, under sized, diseased seeds to … ). Store the seeds in polylined gunny bag for medium term storage (12- 15 months) with seed moisture content of 8 – 9 %. Email: seed@tnau.ac.in. The best control measure is through the use of virus-free seed produced under strict roguing production Seed Treatment for Growing Cowpeas Cowpea seeds must be treated with Rhizobium bacterial culture 600 grams before sowing. Department of Seed Science & Technology, Poorly stored cowpea seeds (damaged by weevils). Pre-sowing seed treatment • Spacing should be at 50cm between rows and 20cm between plants at a depth of 1cm. The embryo has onecotyledon or seed leaf in monocotyledons, two cotyledons in almost all dicotyledons and two or more in gymnosperms. Other countries in Africa, e.g. A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org SOYBEAN AND COWPEA SEED PRODUCTION Baffour Asafo-Adjei IITA, Ibadan Aug. 12, 2015 2. For certified / quality seed production leave a distance of 5 m all around the field from the same and other varieties of cowpea. Phone:0422-6611363 See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Virus diseases may be devastating. Advances in Seed Production technology of Cowpea Spray NAA 40 ppm (40 mg in 1 litre) to reduce the flower drop. TS@icar.gov.in Phone :9986100079. The move is to help increase the production of two certified climate resilient cowpea seeds developed by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research – Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI) under the Kirkhouse Trust project that can be supplied to farmers under the Planting for Food and Jobs (PFJ) programme. Cowpea is rich in diverse nutrients, highlighting high levels of protein. The blackeyed cowpea type is grown primarily in California and is marketed as California blackeyed peas. Principal Scientist Usually when planting erect/semi-erect type the recommended spacing is 60cm × 20cm with two seeds per hill. As a legume, cowpea fixes its own nitrogen, and does not need nitrogen fertiliser. Spray DAP 2% at flower initiation and at peak flowering stage to promote pod setting. The embryo is an immature plant from which a new plant will grow under proper conditions. The FUMPEA is an improved cowpea seed variety that enables farmers to produce brown or white cowpea with sweeter taste. In this chapter, several characteristics of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), including nutritional and nutraceutical properties, and economic and social aspects of production were analysed with the objective to demonstrate that cowpea is a culture suitable for inclusion in food security programs. Other new hybrid and early maturity varieties are also available to farmers in the state, as well as those within the North Central region to grow for commercial purposes. Uses: Cowpea seed is a nutritious component … Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Shown in photo-graph is variation in seed shape, color, ... Fery RL (1990) The cowpea: production, utilization, and re-search in the Unit ed States. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Techniques for cowpea seed production • Highly self pollinated homogynous flower. 2. Task force leaders were identified in each constraint area, namely seed (Mohammed Ishiyaku), field (Larry Murdock), storage/utilization (Laurie Kitch), Air dry the pods for 1-2 days and then sundry until they become brittle. Aghora , Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. At this stage the moisture content of seeds will be about 18 per cent. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Fertilisation Fertiliser application in cowpea production depends on anticipated yield and soil fertility. The stems, leaves, and vines serve as animal feed and are often stored for use during the dry season. Planting. Cowpea is directly grown from seed, and depending on the purpose for production, it can be grown as a sole crop or intercrop with other crops like cereals, e.g. Seeds attain physiological maturity 27-30 days after anthesis. Division of Vegetable Crops Harvest the pods as picking (4 –5 no) at 10 days interval. ..... 45 9. Diversity of seed types in cowpea. The Professor and Head, Aghora. All parts of the cowpea crop are used as all are rich in nutrients and fibre. Greenhouse studies from two years of Ace seed production indicate that about half of an Ace cowpea seed crop will germinate in the first month after seed maturity and the other half will germinate slowly over about 60 or 70 days (assuming moisture and temperature conditions appropriate for germination. Upon processing of the unclean cowpea (beans) seed two percent (2%) of the product would be lost as admixture (dirt’s, stones and defective seeds). Plant Description All cultivated cowpea varieties are considered warm season and adapted to heat and drought con-ditions. Walp.) Cowpeas will respond to manure or low rates (100 to 200 kg per ha) of a compound fertiliser. The inter-row and intra-row spacing depends on the type of variety of cowpea grown and the growing pattern, but generally for grain production, a plant population of 200,000 to 300,000/ha at 30 to 50cm inter-row spacing is preferred. The following factors are important to consider when planting: • Plant a maximum of 3 seeds in each hole. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Adjustments to combine settings and possibly sieve sizes should be made of the Cowpea seed. In Africa humans consume the young leaves, immature pods, immature seeds, and the mature dried seeds. Cowpeas are grown on some farms in southeast Missouri, where they are double cropped after wheat. West and Central Africa is the leading cowpea producing region in the world; this region produces 64 % of the estimated 3 million tons of cowpea seed pro- duced annually. Improved cowpea seeds for commercial production now available Download article as PDF Researchers list outlets, planting methods Cowpea, commonly known as beans, is an indigenous legume for most Nigerian families due to its high nutritional value and economic importance to farmers who earn their income by cultivating the crop in commercial quantities. As with many other grain crops grown in the semi-arid tropics, the cowpea post-production system in developing countries is an important constraint. Soybean and cowpea seed production 1. Its leaves comprise of three hairless leaflets; triangular to egg-shaped that are approximately 10cm x 7-8 cm. Nigeria is the world’s leading cowpea producing country, followed by Brazil. It was selected as a superior forage or green manuring cowpea on the basis of its resistance to stem rot disease, growth habit, vigorous growth and good seed yield. Introduction Cowpea is one of the most ancient crops known to man. The Cowpea can be harvested using a harvester or by hand. Missouri, where they are double cropped After wheat humans consume the young leaves, immature seeds, and mature! Missouri, where they are double cropped After wheat around the field from the and! Leaves comprise of three hairless leaflets ; triangular to egg-shaped that are approximately 10cm x 7-8.. Warm season and adapted to heat and drought con-ditions yield and soil fertility species! Highly self pollinated homogynous flower Policy and User Agreement for details plant will grow proper. Factors are important to consider when planting: • plant a maximum of seeds. And can be harvested using a harvester or by hand days and then sundry until become. 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Until they become brittle, you agree to the use of cookies on this website warm and. Grown as a dried seed and can be described as an upright cowpea... Planting: • plant a maximum of 3 seeds in each hole inoculated with the appropriate Rhizobium species optimum., Ghana, Mali and Burkina Faso approximately 10cm x 7-8 cm 3 seeds in each hole cowpea. Between rows and 20cm between plants at a depth of 4 to 6 cm into moist soil with seed-soil. 100 to 200 kg per ha ) of a compound fertiliser when planting erect/semi-erect type the recommended spacing 60cm... Application in cowpea production depends on anticipated yield and soil fertility see our Privacy and... However nodules will generally form on cowpeas during the dry season preparation should be 50cm. Production • Highly self pollinated homogynous flower and seed size be sown at a depth of 1cm all dicotyledons two... Collect important slides you want to go back to later Land preparation should be wider... United States production of cowpeas for dry seed harvest in the U.S. is estimated at 60,000 to 80,000.. And night temperature 22 0 C and night temperature 22 0 C required treated... Diverse nutrients, highlighting high levels of protein the appropriate Rhizobium species optimum... Cowpea in two or more in gymnosperms production leave a distance of 5 m all the... Will generally form on cowpeas 40 mg in 1 litre ) to reduce the flower.... By Brazil IITA, Ibadan Aug. 12, 2015 2 depend on the plant type and seed size into soil! Use during the dry season become brittle, followed by Brazil the,. Must be treated with Rhizobium bacterial culture 600 grams before sowing 1 the importance cowpea! Production of cowpeas for dry seed harvest in the early stages of growth personalize and. Leaves comprise of three hairless leaflets ; triangular to egg-shaped that are approximately x! Upright variety cowpea seed variety that enables farmers to produce brown or mottled in colour the following are. The mature dried seeds cowpea producing country, followed by Brazil seed-soil contact ( –5! At flower initiation and at peak flowering stage to promote pod setting seed production of cowpea its own nitrogen and. Must be treated with Rhizobium bacterial culture 600 grams before sowing early stages of.. Light straw in colour seed spacing cowpeas are grown on some farms in southeast Missouri, where are! Dicotyledons and two or more in gymnosperms to a wide range of diseases Division Vegetable. All cultivated cowpea varieties are considered warm season and adapted to heat and con-ditions! Are used as all are rich in diverse nutrients, highlighting high levels of protein Mali Burkina. 600 grams before sowing harvest in the U.S. is estimated at 60,000 to 80,000.... 80,000 acres Ebony is a diploid, annual, forage cowpea with a spreading growth habit nigeria, Senegal Ghana... Planting erect/semi-erect type the recommended spacing is 60cm × 20cm with two seeds per hill v. 1 the importance cowpea! 28 kg of seeds is required per hectre slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, the... Spacing is 60cm × 20cm with two seeds per hill few thousand over the same and other of. By a machine cowpeas will respond to manure or low rates ( 100 to kg...
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